An antibody molecule has a molecular weight of 150 kD when analyzed by SDS polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Treatment with mercaptoethanol, a reducing agent that breaks disulfide linkages, yields polypeptides with molecular weights of 50 kD and 25 kD, and both of these bands are similar in intensity and thickness. Based on this gel pattern as described, what can we conclude about the molecular composition of the antibody molecule

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The antibody has a molecular weight of 150 kD and consists of four subunits: two subunits of 50 kD and two subunits of 25 kD, which are bonded by covalent bonds.

Explanation:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is a detergent used to alter and denature proteins before gel electrophoresis. SDS can break hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen (H) bonds, but this detergent does not break down disulfide bonds, which is a type of covalent bond between two sulfur atoms. Moreover, mercaptoethanol is a reducing agent used to break disulfide bonds. In this case, it is expected that mercaptoethanol can break disulfide bonds between the four subunits of the mature antibody, thereby yielding two bands corresponding to the 50 kD and 25 kD bands (two subunits of 50 kD + two subunits of 25 kD = 150 kD).


Related Questions

what will happen if the relative humidity is 100 percent, and the temperature begins falling?

Answers

Answer:

It will start to rain.

Explanation:

what energy carrying molecule is created when the chemical bonds of glucose are broken

Answers

ATP ( adenosine triphosphate )

By oxidizing glucose and other dietary molecules in a step-by-step manner, ATP and NADH are produced as chemical energy.

What is ATP?

A vital "energy molecule" present in all living things is adenosine 5′-triphosphate, also known as ATP and typically written without the 5′-. In particular, it is a coenzyme that transfers energy to cells by releasing its phosphate groups when it interacts with enzymes like ATP triphosphatase.

By adding a phosphate group to another molecule, ATP can drive biological operations (a process called phosphorylation). Special enzymes are responsible for carrying out this transfer, which connects the cellular processes that need energy to the release of energy from ATP.

A variety of cellular functions, such as ion transport, muscular contraction, the transmission of nerve impulses, substrate phosphorylation, and chemical synthesis, all require energy and hence use ATP. A large demand for ATP is generated not just by these processes but also by others.

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For a claim about the natural world to be considered scientific, what attributes must it have?
It must be consistent with only a small portion of relevant observations or data.
It must be open to modification if new evidence doesn't completely support it.
It must be based on scientific observations that can be repeated in a controlled setting.
It must be applicable to future events and occurrences.

Answers

Answer: The correct answer is that it must be based on scientific observations that can be repeated in a controlled setting. Explanation: This controlled setting, which replicates the real world encounters is known as scientific experiments. Experiments permit for a smaller scale world where the results can be determined with the manipulation of specific elements in the controlled setting. Experiments assist in the understanding of the natural world.

Answer:

I will send a screenshot of the one a person solves

1. How do fossils form?

Answers

Explanation:

There is a LOOOONG process for this so here it is;  

First things first.The animal dies. Soft parts of the animal's body, including skin and muscles, start to rot away. Scavengers may come and eat some of the remains.  Before the body disappears completely, it is buried by sediment - usually mud, sand or silt. Often at this point only the bones and teeth remain.  Many more layers of sediment build up on top. This puts a lot of weight and pressure onto the layers below, squashing them. Eventually, they turn into sedimentary rock.  While this is happening, water seeps into the bones and teeth, turning them to stone as it leaves behind minerals.  This process can take thousands or even millions of years.

I hope this answer helped. Thank you!

Ethyl alcohol is formed in aerobic respiration .

True or false ​

Answers

Answer:

Mark me brainliest (⌒▽⌒)(⌒▽⌒)

Explanation:

In the alcoholic fermentation, (by yeast, a unicellular fungi) incomplete oxidation of glucose is achieved under anaerobic condition by a set of reactions where the pyruvic acid is converted to carbon dioxide and ethanol.

Bigger beaks are dominant to smaller beaks. If a bird with a large beak (Bb) is blown to an island that requires smaller beaks, what is a possible genotype of its mate needed in order to produce an ospring with a smaller beak?

Answers

bb maybe................

in pine trees Male pine cones contain:

Answers

Answer:

they male contain 2 seeds

Students were given a list of seven elements and asked to identify the four elements that are most abundant in biomolecules. Which table correctly identifies the four most-abundant elements in biomolecules?.

Answers

Answer:

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen

Explanation:

Not sure what the tables are?

Biomolecules are important for living organisms and vital for cell structure and functioning. The cells are made up of biomolecules as their structural organization.

The four most abundant biomolecules are:

Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Hydrogen

The biomolecules can be explained as:

The central biomolecules for life activities are these elements that contribute to major processes.

The main building blocks like carbohydrate is composed of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. They provide energy to the body by breaking into small molecules.

Proteins are vital for cell signalling and transport. They are composed of amino groups consisting of nitrogen.

Therefore, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen are the most abundant biomolecules.

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2. A 2 kg bowling ball rolls at a speed of 5 m/s on the roof of the building that is 40 m tall.


Circle one: KE / GPE / both


Show your work for finding the values of each type of energy the object has:

Answers

Answer:  Both

Explanation:

KE can be solve using the formula:

ke = 0.5 mv^2

where m is the mass of the object

v is the velocity

ke = 0.5 ( 2 kg ) ( 5 m/s)^2

ke = 25 J

the GPE can be solved using the formula:

GPE = mgh

where m is the mass

g is the acceleration due to gravity ( 9.81 m/s^2)

h is the height

GPE = ( 4 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)( 40 m)

GPE = 392.4 J

I hope this helps, have a great day!!

A solution has a pH of 2. Which best describes the solution?
…answer: a strong acid

Answers

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

Lower pH a stronger acid.

A very concentrated acid

PLEASE HELP!! MULTIPLE CHOICE

Answers

genes control traits so when a gene is changed the trait changes

A

The answer should be A and C

PLEASE HELP!!!! MULTIPLE CHOICE

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

How does the water cycle cause weather? Choose any that are correct

Answers

Answer:the 1st and 2nd one

Explanation:

I’m probably late but the reason is that they help in the process of forming a cloud that will eventually lead to weather like it being cloudy or rain.

a. Find out reasons for similarity and dissimilarity
b. Which types of reproduction are followed in sugar cane plant and in mango tree?

Answers

Sugar cane plant reproduce asexually whereas mango can reproduce by both asexually and sexually.

Sugar cane is usually reproduce by using asexual reproduction i.e. by the use of pieces of stem of sugar cane called setts that contain at least one node. It is necessary that these cuttings contain a node because when they are placed and covered in the ground, primary roots arise from these nodes.

While on the other hand, the mango trees can be propagated both by sexual and asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female sex cells during flowering stage. Grafting, Cutting, Layering and Budding are the asexual means for the propagation of mango tree.

Among these the grafting technique is considered as the most suitable method of vegetative propagation of mango so we can conclude that sugar cane plant reproduce asexually whereas mango can reproduce by both asexually and sexually.

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6. Type A and Type B blood are codominant to each other. They are both dominant
over Type O blood. Draw a Punnett square showing all the possible blood types for
the offspring produced by a type "O" mother and an a Type "AB" father

Answers

Answer:

Possible blood types

Genotype: AO or BO

Phenotype: A & B

Students place a plant in a dark, windowless closet for two days. Which of these will help the plant maintain homeostasis?

a
decreasing stem size
b
losing all of its leaves
c
using stored sugars
d
growing deeper roots

Answers

Answer:

use stored sugar for energy

Definition of “principle of dominance”

Answers

The Law of Dominance says that when an organism is heterozygous for a trait, only the dominant allele will produce a phenotype.

PLSSS HELP ME!!!
All of the following are functions that the kidney performs except
A. controls pH

D. produces erythropoetin

B. produces urea

E. eliminates nitrogenous wastes

C. maintains blood pressure

Answers

eliminates nitrogenous wastes.I think

someone pls help ill give brainliest
Use the terms below to label the components in the diagram below:

ribosome; amino acid; tRNA; mRNA; DNA template; codon;

anticodon; polypeptide chain or protein

Answers

Answer:

Hope fully this sheet will be able to help you

Explanation:

In terms of genetic composition, how similar are offspring produced by sexual reproduction to their parents? Write in 2 to 3 sentences.​

Answers

Answer:

That Is is the Word is Sex The sex is the Same only way for if u have a Baby

NO LINKS

In your own words, describe the base-pairing rules in any DNA molecule.

Answers

Answer:

adenine pairs with thymine

cytosine pairs with guanine

Explanation:

The possession of one or more extra sets of chromosomes (relative to an ancestral condition) is called __________.

Answers

Answer:

Polyploidy

Explanation:

What level of protein should a basketball player in the off-season trying to gain muscle mass consume

Answers

Answer: 2.5-3.o grams per body weight

Explanation:

sensory transduction in the auditory system is much like transduction of __________.

Answers

Answer:

mechanosensory stimuli.

Explanation:

state three reasons why children resemble their parents​

Answers

Answer:

Parents are the only reason our children are alive. Our parents are the reason we exist. Parents try their hardest to take care if their children.

Explanation:

Parents have mixed genes into their child which means that the child resembles both of them because they literally do. Parents try their hardest for their children and most children pick up on this and try hard for everything else.

A blood sample consists of dead cells that are breaking apart into their basic molecular building blocks. What type of molecule is best suited for identifying the specimen

Answers

Answer:

D N A!!!!

Explanation:

have a great day on your assignment


Which of the following best describes the components of the DNA twisted ladder?

A. The sides are made of alternating polypeptide chains, and the rungs are made of amino acid segments joined by
hydrogen bonds

B. The sides are made of alternating amino acids, and the rungs are made of polypeptide chains joined by hydrogen bonds.

C. The sides are made of alternating phosphate-sugar groups, and the rungs are made of complementary nitrogenous
bases joined by hydrogen bonds

D.The sides are made of alternating nitrogenous bases, and the rungs are made of phosphate-sugar groups joined by hydrogen bonds

Answers

The sides are made of alternating phosphate-sugar groups, and the rungs

are made of complementary nitrogenous bases joined by hydrogen bonds

DNA which is also called Deoxyribonucleic acid contains genetic information

which are passed from the parent to offspring. DNA is made up of an

alternating phosphate-sugar group in which the sugar is deoxyribose.

The alternating phosphate-sugar group are located at the side of the ladder.

The rungs are made up of complementary nitrogenous bases joined by

hydrogen bonds. Example of nitrogenous bases include adenine, thymine,

guanine and cytosine.

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what is the relationship between the reactants and products in photosynthesis

Answers

Answer:

to produce Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... ...... ....... .....

Identify one part of a plant’s vascular system and explain its role.

Answers

Answer: One part of the plants vascular system is its stem which contains vascular tissues, giving it the strength to stand up, while also conducting water a nutrients to and from the roots, to the leaves.

Explanation:

Answer:

vascular system, in plants, assemblage of conducting tissues and associated supportive fibres. Xylem tissue transports water and dissolved minerals to the leaves, and phloem tissue conducts food from the leaves to all parts of the plant.

I just search this sorry if its wrong :)

How does cellular respiration occur in the dark and light?

Answers

photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs in both the dark and the light

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