Diffraction spreading for a flashlight is insignificant compared with other limitations in its optics, such as spherical aberrations in its mirror. To show this, calculate the minimum angular spreading in rad of a flashlight beam that is originally 5.90 cm in diameter with an average wavelength of 610 nm.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The answer is "[tex]1.2566 \times 10^{-5}\,rad[/tex]".

Explanation:

As per the Rayleigh Criterion the minimum angular spreading, for a circular aperture:

[tex]\theta_{\mathrm{min}}\approx \sin\theta=1.22\,\frac{\lambda}{d}[/tex]  

[tex]\theta_{\mathrm{min}}=\mathrm{1.22\,\frac{\left( 610\,nm \right)}{\left( 5.90\,cm \right)}=1.22\,\frac{\left( 610\times10^{-9}\,m \right)}{\left( 5.90\times10^{-2}\,m \right)}}[/tex]

                               [tex]=1.22\times 103.389 \times 10^{-7}\\\\=1.22\times 1.03 \times 10^{-5}\\\\=\mathrm{1.2566 \times 10^{-5}\,rad}[/tex]


Related Questions

A rocket blasts off. In 10.0 seconds it is at 10,000 ft, traveling at 3600 mph. Assuming the direction is up, calculate the acceleration.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Givens

t = 10 seconds

vi = 0

vf = 3600 mph

a = ?

d = 10000 feet

Formula

a = (vf - vi)/t

Solution

vf = 3600 mph * 1 hr / 3600 seconds * 5280 feet / 1 mile = 5280 ft / sec

a = (5280 - 0)/10

a = 528 ft/sec^2

12 x cos 50 = ?

Does anyone have the answer ? I forgot my my calculator.

Answers

12 x cos 50 = 7.713451316...

the answer is 7.713451316

Examine the motion map. One animal is an antelope that is already running. The other is a cheetah that starts running after the antelope passes it. Does A or B represent the motion of the cheetah?

Answers

Answer:

A although am not seeing the cheetah

which physical property of the gas molecules gives the measurement of temperature​

Answers

The temperature of a gas molecule is measured by the average translational kinetic energy

Answer:

The temperature of a gas is a measure of the average translational kinetic energy of the molecules. In a hot gas, the molecules move faster than in a cold gas; the mass remains the same, but the kinetic energy, and hence the temperature, is greater because of the increased velocity of the molecules

Explanation:

This is also from Go0gle because my explanation would've been an essay long .

but in shorter version if the gas molecules move fast it's hot an if it moves slow its cold hope this helps .

different between weight and mass​

Answers

Answer:

So mass is the amount of matter in an object, but weight is the amount of force that is being applied to your body from gravity.

Mass does not change unless you change your person like your haircut, fingernail length, ect.

Weight changes depending on your mass, because the heavier you are, the stronger the gravitational pull on your person will be, which increases your weight.

That is why if you go onto the moon, for example, your weight is different, since the gravitational pull is weaker than on Earth, so you weigh less.

Explanation:

State any ten reasons why students in Uganda need to study physics?use examples of the possible technological advancements which can be made using the knowledge of physics

Answers

Answer:

1.it also hleps us to became doctors becuase without physics you can't be a doctor

2.physics needs to be steady whether you like it or not it helps you in life so everybody must study physics no matter is in Uganda USA and plenty more countries there must be physics to dare to be studied

Find A and effective resistance.
(Ill give Brainliest if you provide explaination)

Answers

Answer:

A = 2.4 A

[tex]R_{eq} = 5 \ \Omega[/tex]

Explanation:

The voltage in the circuit, V = 12 V

The given circuit shows four resistors with R₁ and R₂ arranged in series with both in parallel to R₃ and R₄ which are is series to each other

R₁ = 4 Ω

R₂ = 6 Ω

R₄ = 5 Ω

The voltage across R₃ = 6 V

Voltage across parallel resistors are equal, therefore;

The total voltage across R₃ and R₄ = 12 V

The total voltage across R₁ and R₂ = 12 V

The voltage across R₃ + The voltage across R₄ = 12 V

∴ The voltage across R₄ = 12 V - 6 V = 6 V

The current flowing through  R₄ = 6V/(5 Ω) = 1.2 A

The current flowing through R₃ = The current flowing through R₄ = 1.2 A

The resistor, R₃ = 6 V/1.2 A = 5 Ω

Therefore, we have;

The sum of resistors in series are R₁ + R₂ and R₃ + R₄, which gives;

[tex]R_{series \, 1}[/tex] = R₁ + R₂ = 4 Ω + 6 Ω = 10 Ω

[tex]R_{series \, 2}[/tex] = R₃ + R₄ = 5 Ω + 5 Ω = 10 Ω

The sum of the resistors in parallel is given as follows;

[tex]\dfrac{1}{R_{eq}} = \dfrac{1}{R_{series \, 1}} + \dfrac{1}{R_{series \, 2}} = \dfrac{R_{series \, 2} + R_{series \, 1}}{R_{series \, 1} \times R_{series \, 2}}[/tex]

Therefore;

[tex]R_{eq} = \dfrac{R_{series \, 1} \times R_{series \, 2}}{R_{series \, 1} + R_{series \, 2}}[/tex]

Therefore;

[tex]R_{eq} = \dfrac{10\times 10}{10 + 10} \ \Omega = 5 \ \Omega[/tex]

[tex]R_{eq} = 5 \ \Omega[/tex]

The value of the current, A, in the circuit, I = V/[tex]R_{eq}[/tex]

A = I = 12 V/(5 Ω) = 2.4 A

A = 2.4 A

can anyone answer it​

Answers

Answer:

it should be the second option

Explanation:

I can't really see because the picture is kinda blurry

Answer:

the last option.

Explanation:

A body moving with uniform velocity (the flat line, also called the plateau) and then decelerating. The deceleration is why the velocity decreased.

A body starts with an initial velocity of 15m/s and accelerates 4m/s2. Find the distance covered by 5s

Answers

Answer:

Distance, S = 110 meters

Explanation:

Given the following data;

Initial velocity = 15 m/s

Acceleration = 4 m/s²

Time = 5 seconds

To find the distance covered, we would use the second equation of motion;

[tex] S = ut + \frac{1}{2} at^{2} [/tex]

Where;

S is the distance covered or displacement of an object.

u is the initial velocity.

a is the acceleration.

t is the time.

Substituting the values into the equation, we have;

[tex] S = 15*4 + \frac{1}{2} * 4*5^{2} [/tex]

[tex] S = 60 + 2*25 [/tex]

[tex] S = 60 + 50 [/tex]

Distance, S = 110 meters

Fifty (50) grams of vinegar and (2) grams of baking soda are mixed together. A bubbling reaction takes place. The mixture is weighed again and now weighs 49 grams. How do you explain the missing weight? ​

Answers

Answer:

the gas that escaped from the mixture contained the missing weight

What is the apparent deflection of a light beam in an elevator which is 2.7 m wide if the elevator is accelerating downward at 9.8 m/s^2?

Answers

Answer:

[tex]X=3.37561*10^{-16}[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that:

Width [tex]w=2.7m[/tex]

Acceleration [tex]a=9.8m/s^2[/tex]

Generally the equation for The apparent deflection is mathematically given by

X= 0.5 *g*t^2

Where

[tex]t=\frac{width}{Velocity of light}[/tex]

[tex]t=\frac{2.5}{3*10^8}[/tex]

[tex]t=8.3*10^{-9}[/tex]

Therefore

[tex]X= 0.5 *9.8*(8.3*10^{-9})^2[/tex]

[tex]X=3.37561*10^{-16}[/tex]

PLEASE HELP!!

A set of water waves travels at 20.0 m/s , and 5.0 waves pass you in 4.0 s. What is the wavelengths of the waves?

a. 0.25 m

b. 8.0 m

c. 0.20 m

d. 4.0 m

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

[tex]\lambda\\[/tex] = v/f

^That is the formula we are going to use.

Now, we were given the speed (v), which is 20.

Now we need to find frequency, in order to solve for the wavelength.

Frequency is the amount of waves in a fixed unit of one second, meaning our F value is the value of 5 divided by 4.

5/4 = 1.25

Therefore our F is 1.25

Now lets plug it in

[tex]\lambda\\[/tex] = v/f

[tex]\lambda\\[/tex] = 20/1.25

[tex]\lambda\\[/tex] = 16

Conversion:

[tex]\lambda\\[/tex] = 8

Why does a small piece of steel rod sinks while a large steel oil tanker floats?

Plss help thanks! pls include EXPLANATION and EXAMPLES that I can proof to people that has no knowledge ​

Answers

Answer:

Too what i know its because of the air

Explanation:

The steel rod is more dense and doesnt have air whil'st the oil tanker is less dense with lots of air

Sort the processes based on the type of energy transfer they involve. condensation freezing deposition sublimation evaporation melting thermal energy added thermal energy removed

Answers

Answer:

condensation - thermal energy removed

freezing -thermal energy removed

deposition - thermal energy removed

sublimation - thermal energy added

evaporation - thermal energy added

melting - thermal energy added

Explanation:

Thermal energy is heat energy. Processes in which heat is added involve the addition of thermal energy while processes in which heat energy is removed involves removal of thermal energy.

Condensation involves a change from gas to liquid, freezing involves a change from liquid to solid while deposition involves the settling of mobile particles at a place. All these processes involve a decrease in energy of particles.

On the other hand, sublimation is a direct change from solid to gas, melting involves a change from solid to liquid while evaporation involves a change from liquid to gas. All these processes occur when energy is added to the particles in a system.

Answer:

condensation - thermal energy removed

freezing -thermal energy removed

deposition - thermal energy removed

sublimation - thermal energy added

evaporation - thermal energy added

melting - thermal energy added

define inertia.mention it's types​

Answers

Answer:

It is the inability of the body to change by itself its state of rest or uniform motion or direction. Types of Inertia- It is of three types-(1)Inertia of rest (2) Inertia of motion(3) Inertia of direction. (1) Inertia of rest - It is the inability of the body to change by itself its state if rest.

a body of radius R and mass m is rolling horizontally without slipping with speed v. it then rolls us a hill to a maximum height h=3v2/4g

Answers

Answer:

mR²/2

Explanation:

Here is the complete question

An object of radius′

R′  and mass ′

M′  is rolling horizontally without slipping with speed ′

V′

. It then rolls up the hill to a maximum height h = 3v²/4g. The moment of inertia of the object is (g= acceleration due to gravity)

Solution

Since it rolls without slipping, there is no friction. So, its initial mechanical energy at the horizontal surface equals its final mechanical energy at the top of the hill.

Since the object is rolling initially, and on horizontal ground, it initial energy is kinetic and made up of rotational and translational kinetic energy.

So, E = K + K'

E = 1/2mv² + 1/2Iω² where m = mass of object, v = speed of object, I = moment of inertia of object and ω = angular speed of object = v/r where v = speed of object and R = radius of object.

Also, the final mechanical energy of the object, E' is its potential energy at the top of the hill. So, E' = mgh.

Since E = E',

1/2mv² + 1/2Iω² = mgh

substituting the values of ω and h into the equation, we have

1/2mv² + 1/2Iω² = mgh

1/2mv² + 1/2I(v/R)²= mg(3v²/4g)

Expanding the brackets, we have

1/2mv² + 1/2Iv²/R²= 3mv²/4

Dividing through by v², we have

1/2m + I/2R²= 3m/4

Subtracting m/2 from both sides, we have

I/2R² = 3m/4 - m/2

Simplifying, we have

I/2R² = m/4

Multiplying through by 2R², we have

I = m/4 × 2R²

I = mR²/2

Water has a specific heat of 4.186 J/g°C, and ethanol has a specific heat of 2.450 J/g°C. Based on this information, which best compares water and ethanol?

Answers

The question is incomplete, the complete question is;

Water has a specific heat of 4.186 J/g°C, and ethanol has a specific heat of 2.450 J/g°C. Based on this information, which best compares water and ethanol?

It requires more heat to raise the temperature of a gram of ethanol by 1°C.

There are more molecules in a gram of water.

Ethanol has a lower formula mass.

Water has more protons and neutrons in its nuclei.

Answer:

There are more molecules in a gram of water.

Explanation:

Let us recall that the molar mass of water is 18g/mol while the molar mass of ethanol is 46 g/mol.

Hence;

1 g of water contains 18 g

There are 6.02 × 10^23/18g = 3.34 × 10^22 molecules in 1 g of water

1 g of ethanol contains 46 g

There are 6.02 × 10^23/46 g = 1.31 ×10^22 molecules

Hence, there are more molecules in 1 g of water than in 1g of ethanol.

Answer:

there are more molecules in 1 g of water than in 1g of ethanol.

Explanation:

edge 23

A car is traveling at 36km/h when it accelerates and after 2 seconds the car reaches a speed of 54km/h. Calculate the speed of the car in 2s?

Answers

Answer:18km





Answer:18km

54-36=18

What evidence is there that the use of fossil fuels, which produce carbon dioxide, is causing climate change?

Answers

Answer:

The carbon dioxide produced by fossil fuel into the air is a greenhouse gas just as is nitrous oxide, methane, water vapor, and synthetic gases that contain fluorine. Compared to the other greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide is the most abundantly present greenhouse gas.

The greenhouse gases cause greenhouse effect which is the  observed trapping of heat in the atmosphere, similar to the glass roof of a greenhouse, thereby causing the average global temperature to rise, and changing the climate through global warming

There is presently a 1°C rise in the average global temperature as part of the Earth reflected heat from the Sun is returned back to Earth by the increasing greenhouse gas presence in the atmosphere which cause the greenhouse effect

Explanation:

Answer:

The carbon dioxide produced by fossil fuels in the air is a greenhouse gas, as is nitrous oxide, methane, water vapor, and synthetic gases containing fluorine. Compared to the other greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide is the most abundant greenhouse gas.

The greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect which is the observed trapping of heat in the atmosphere, similar to the glass roof of a greenhouse, thereby causing the average global temperature to rise, and changing the climate through global warming

There is presently a 1°C rise in the average global temperature as part of the Earth's reflected heat from the Sun is returned to Earth by the increasing greenhouse gas presence in the atmosphere which causes the greenhouse effect

Explanation:

I got a 100% on this assignment copy it and put it on your notes then go sentence by sentence copy but dont highlight any "." you will not be able to paste it into the box add the "." after you paste it, it one sentence.

ONE SENTENCE AT A TIME NO ". ' or 1°" AT ALL

Tres personas, A, B, C, jalan una caja con ayuda de cuerdas cuya masa es despreciable. Si la persona A aplica −3 en dirección horizontal y la persona B aplica a su vez 5 en dirección horizontal, ¿Cuál es el valor de la fuerza que debe ejercer la persona C, para que la caja esté en equilibrio físico?

Answers

Answer:

El valor de la fuerza que debe ejercer la persona C debe ser de -2 para que la caja esté en equilibrio físico.

Explanation:

Si la caja debe hallarse en equilibrio físico, entonces se debe satisfacer la siguiente ecuación:

[tex]F_{A} + F_{B} + F_{C} = 0[/tex] (1)

Si sabemos que [tex]F_{A} = -3[/tex] y [tex]F_{B} = 5[/tex], entonces el valor de la fuerza que debe ejercer la persona C debe ser:

[tex]F_{C} = -F_{A}-F_{B}[/tex]

[tex]F_{C} = -(-3)-5[/tex]

[tex]F_{C} = -2[/tex]

El valor de la fuerza que debe ejercer la persona C debe ser de -2 para que la caja esté en equilibrio físico.

que tienen en común la materia y el sistema?

Answers

Answer:

La materia es la sustancia de la que está hecho todo material. En física, el sistema es una de las propiedades de la materia. Se puede transferir entre objetos y convertir en forma. No se puede crear ni destruir.

espero que te ayude!

calculate the mass 9f the earth, assuring that uts is sphere with radius 6.67×10^6m.​

Answers

Answer:

6.86 × 10²⁴ kg

Explanation:

The mass of the earth m = density of earth, ρ × volume of earth, V

m = ρV

The density of the earth, ρ = 5515 kg/m³ and since the earth is a sphere, its volume is the volume of a sphere V = 4πr³/3 where r = radius of the earth = 6.67 × 10⁶ m

Since m = ρV

m = ρ4πr³/3

So, substituting the values of the variables into the equation for the mass of the earth, m, we have

m = 5515 kg/m³ × 4π(6.67 × 10⁶ m)³/3

m = 5515 kg/m³ × 4π × 296.741 × 10¹⁸ m³/3

m = 5515 kg/m³ × 1189.9639π × 10¹⁸ m³/3

m = 6546105.64378π × 10¹⁸ kg/3

m = 20565197.400122 × 10¹⁸ kg/3

m = 6855065.8 × 10¹⁸ kg

m = 6.8550658 × 10²⁴ kg

m ≅ 6.86 × 10²⁴ kg

Give reason Pascal is a derived unit​

Answers

The pascal is the SI derived unit of pressure used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength.

Symbol ⇥ Pa

7. A thin wire was wound 30 times closely over a boiling tube. The total length of the windings as measured was found to be 6.3mm. Determine the diameter of the wire .​

Answers

Answer:

Diameter of wire = 0.00021 meters

Explanation:

Given the following data;

Number of windings = 30

Length of windings = 6.3 mm to meters = 0.0063 meters

To find the diameter of the wire, we would use this mathematical expression;

Length of windings = number of windings * diameter of wire

Substituting the values into the expression, we have;

0.0063 = 30 * diameter of wire

Diameter of wire = 0.0063/30

Diameter of wire = 0.00021 meters


Can someone help me please this test is very important

Answers

Answer:

Friction is caused in roller coasters by the rubbing of the car wheels on the track and by the rubbing of air (and sometimes water!) against the cars.

Explanation:

why can't we measure temperature or build thermometer if there is no zeroth law? thanks

Answers

Explanation:

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two bodies are each in ... to heat, there will be no transfer of heat from one to the other.

determjne the density of liquid whose relative density is 1.25 given that the density is 1000kgm-3​

Answers

Answer:

divide the density of solution by density of water

EXPLANATION:

LIKE:

1.25÷1000kgm-3

_____ of cylindrical vessel
avoids the transfer
of heat into or out of
the calorimeter.

Answers

Answer:

Insulation.

Explanation:

A calorimeter can be defined as a scientific instrument or device designed and developed for measuring the heat involved in reactions or other processes, especially by taking the measurement of the temperature of the materials surrounding the process.

Basically, a calorimeter is insulated using materials with very high level of resistivity so as to prevent heat transfer to the outside of the device (calorimeter).

This ultimately implies that, insulation of cylindrical vessel prevents the transfer of heat into or out of the calorimeter.

an electron is moving at 3.6 x 10^3 m/s. a photon with what wavelength would have the same momentum????

Answers

Answer:

The wavelength of the photon that would have the same momentum as the electron is 202.2180996 nm

Explanation:

The velocity of the electron, v = 3.6 × 10³ m/s

The momentum of an electron, [tex]p_e[/tex] = m × v

Where;

v = The mass of the electron = 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg

∴ [tex]p_e[/tex] = 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg × 3.6 × 10³ m/s = 3.27924 × 10⁻²⁷ kg·m/s

According to the de Broglie equation, the momentum of a photon, p, is given as follows;

p = h/λ

Where;

h = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s

λ = The wavelength of the photon

∴ λ = h/p

According to the question, we have;

p = [tex]p_e[/tex] = 3.27924 × 10⁻²⁷ kg·m/s

∴ λ = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s/(3.27924 × 10⁻²⁷ kg·m/s) = 2.02180993 × 10⁻⁷ m

The wavelength of the photon, λ = 2.02180993 × 10⁻⁷ m = 202.2180993 × 10⁻⁹ m = 202.2180993 nm.

Based on its location on the periodic table, which element is the best
electrical insulator?
A. Iron (Fe)
O B. Sulfur (S)
O C. Calcium (Ca)
D. Silver (Ag)

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Nonmetal is better insulator than metals

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Just took the quiz.

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What is an example of a direct effect that would result from an increase in deer mouse in this food web The founder effect occurs when Multiple Choice large groups of individuals leave their home population and establish new settlements, mating only among themselves. small groups of individuals leave their home population and establish new settlements, mating only among themselves. many members of a population die, resulting in a great loss of genetic diversity. many members of a population reproduce causing too much genetic diversity within the population. small groups of individuals leave their home population and join established settlements, and mating with natives. Since an instant replay system for tennis was introduced at a major tournament, men challenged 1415 referee calls, with the result that 425 of the calls were overturned. Women challenged 755 referee calls, and 210 of the calls were overturned. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that men and women have equal success in challenging calls. Complete parts (a) through (c) below.a. Test the claim using a hypothesis test.Consider the first sample to be the sample of male tennis players who challenged referee calls and the second sample to be the sample of female tennis players who challenged referee calls. What are the null and alternative hypotheses for the hypothesis test?A.H0: p1=p2H1: p1p2B.H0: p1p2H1: p1=p2C.H0: p1=p2H1: p1 p2F.H0: p1p2H1: p1p2Identify the test statistic.z=nothing(Round to two decimal places as needed.)Identify the P-value.P-value=nothing(Round to three decimal places as needed.)What is the conclusion based on the hypothesis test?The P-value is less thangreater than the significance level of =0.05, so rejectfail to reject the null hypothesis. There is not sufficientis sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that women and men have equal success in challenging calls.b. 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